Calibrachoa Growth and Care Guide

If you want a splash of vibrant color in your garden, Calibrachoa is one of the most rewarding annuals you can grow. Known for its trailing habit and nonstop blooms, this versatile plant thrives in containers, window boxes, and garden beds alike. With the right care, Calibrachoa will bloom from Spring until Frost, attracting pollinators and adding season-long brightness to your outdoor spaces.

In this Plant Guide, you’ll learn everything from planting tips and soil preparation to watering schedules, fertilizing, pruning, so you can enjoy cascading color all season long.

Shop Calibrachoa Online Today! We Ship Premium Varieties to your Door.

By: Reggie Meehan (12/11/24) -- Last Updated (01/14/2026)

Introduction to Calibrachoa

Calibrachoa, often called Million Bells, is a beloved flowering plant known for its vibrant blooms and cascading growth habit. While it’s often mistaken for a miniature Petunia, it is its own distinct species. Its adaptability to containers, hanging baskets, and garden beds makes it a staple in gardens seeking continuous color and charm throughout the growing season. With flowers that attract hummingbirds and butterflies, it’s an essential choice for gardeners aiming to cultivate a lively, pollinator-friendly space.

I have been growing Calibrachoa for decades, largely because it was one of the first plants that truly taught me how powerful color combinations can be in a garden. My favorite pairing of all time was Cabaret® Good Night Kiss and Midnight Kiss, planted together in a hanging basket at my beach house. The salty air and bright light only made the colors pop more, the deep purples and soft pinks played off each other beautifully, creating a look that stopped people in their tracks.

Characteristics of Calibrachoa

Calibrachoa is known for its trumpet-shaped flowers, each about one inch in diameter. Available in nearly every color imaginable—from soft pastels to deep, saturated hues—it also features striking bicolors and patterns like speckles and stripes. This variety of colors allows for endless design possibilities, whether you’re looking to create monochromatic elegance or a dynamic, colorful display.

The plant’s continuous blooming habit sets it apart. Unlike many other flowering plants, Calibrachoa’s spent blooms drop off naturally (a self-cleaning trait), which reduces the need for deadheading. This low-maintenance feature is a significant reason why gardeners return to Calibrachoa year after year.

Size and Growth Habit

Calibrachoa is a compact but surprisingly impactful plant, typically reaching 6 to 12 inches in height while spreading 18 to 24 inches wide as it matures. Rather than growing tall, it invests its energy into lateral growth, allowing a single plant to fill containers quickly and evenly. This wide spread creates the look of a much larger planting without taking up vertical space, making it especially valuable in mixed containers.

Calibrachoa is best known for its trailing, cascading growth habit, producing flexible, well-branched stems that naturally drape over the edges of containers and baskets. In hanging baskets, window boxes, and raised planters, this habit creates a lush waterfall of foliage and flowers that continues to lengthen and fill out as the season progresses.

Leaves and Flowers

The foliage of Calibrachoa is just as important as its flowers when it comes to overall plant health and appearance. Its small, oval to lance-shaped leaves are typically 1 to 2 inches long, growing alternately along the stems. The leaves have a soft, slightly fuzzy texture and a natural resistance to pests. This natural resistance, combined with the plant’s sticky foliage, keeps it looking healthy throughout the growing season.

The trumpet-shaped flowers, though small, are produced in abundance, completely covering the plant with vibrant color. They’re available in a wide spectrum of colors, from classic yellow, pink, and purple to more unusual shades like coral, salmon, and black. The flowers can attract pollinators, though they are not a powerhouse nor a magnet. The self-cleaning nature of the blooms allows for minimal maintenance while ensuring the plant remains visually appealing all season long.

Is Calibrachoa Annual or Perennial?

The answer depends on your growing zone. Calibrachoa is a perennial in USDA Hardiness Zones 9-11, where it can survive mild winters and continue growing year-round. In Zones 5-8, however, it’s typically grown as an annual due to its sensitivity to frost. For gardeners in cooler climates, it’s extremely important to wait until all danger of frost has passed before planting Calibrachoa outdoors.

Note also that in Zone 8, Calibrachoa may act as a tender perennial. However, gardeners must be patient and wait for last year’s Calibrachoa to begin sending forth new growth. Not all species are as hardy, and containers placed near a home’s foundation, thereby receiving the residual warmth of the home, are more likely to be “perennial” Calibrachoa in Zone 8.

Best Varieties of Calibrachoa

Recent advancements in plant genetics have led to a significant increase in the development of new Calibrachoa species over the past three years. Breeders have focused on creating cultivars that are not only more compact but also deliver an abundance of blooms that persist over an extended growing season. These top-rated cultivars stand out for their superior performance, boasting improved resistance to heat and disease—a marked improvement over older varieties. It is important to note that these elite cultivars are patent-protected, and unauthorized propagation is strictly prohibited.

Selecting varieties with strong genetic foundations significantly enhances the likelihood of a thriving, vibrant garden display. We recommend varieties based on Results from Independent Evaluations conducted by esteemed horticultural research institutions. The following Calibrachoa varieties have earned the highest accolades, achieving top ratings of 4.8 to 5.0, and are widely regarded as the best choices for gardeners seeking reliability, color, and vigor.

Superbells® Series

The Superbells® Series is our most popular Calibrachoa line, and for good reason. Proven Winners actively evaluates Calibrachoa from breeders around the world, purchasing the rights to varieties that demonstrate exceptional genetics. These top-performing plants are then reintroduced under the Superbells® name. Check out our Article, All About Superbells® for more information on this process.

Varieties like Blackcurrant Punch, Grape Punch, and Watermelon Punch are known for bold, saturated color and heavy bloom coverage, while Double Twilight adds extra texture with layered petals, and Coral Sun brings a bright, glowing tone that stands out in mixed containers. Across the board, Superbells plants fill quickly, trail evenly, and maintain a clean look all season with minimal maintenance.

Cha-Cha™ Series

The Cha-Cha™ Series is all about energy, color clarity, and strong trailing performance. Varieties such as Red, Fuchsia, and Tangerine deliver vibrant, high-contrast blooms that read especially well from a distance, making them excellent choices for hanging baskets and patio containers. Compared to some heavier-blooming lines, Cha-Cha plants tend to feel slightly lighter and more playful in appearance, with flexible stems that cascade smoothly over edges. They are dependable performers in full sun and hold their color well even during peak summer heat.

Cabaret® Series

The Cabaret® Series offers a more refined, elegant take on Calibrachoa, with a focus on color depth and flower form. Midnight Kiss and Goodnight Kiss are especially popular for their rich, moody tones that add contrast and sophistication to container designs. These varieties typically show excellent branching and a more controlled trailing habit, making them easy to pair with upright companions without overwhelming the arrangement. Cabaret selections are ideal when you want Calibrachoa to feel polished rather than flashy.

Honorable Mentions

A few standout varieties deserve special recognition for their unique appeal. Caliloco Dracula brings dramatic flair with dark, high-contrast coloration that instantly becomes a conversation piece. Calitastic® Cappuccino offers a warm, coffee-toned palette that pairs beautifully with grasses and neutral containers, while Colibri Pure White provides a crisp, clean option that works as a brightener or balancing element in mixed plantings. Each of these selections fills a niche that goes beyond standard color offerings, making them excellent additions for gardeners looking to do something a little different.

How to Grow & Care for Calibrachoa

Calibrachoa is a versatile, low-maintenance flowering plant known for its continuous blooms throughout the growing season. This adaptable beauty can be grown in hanging baskets, containers, or as ground cover. To ensure optimal growth and health, follow these essential care guidelines:

Planting Calibrachoa

Plant Calibrachoa after the final frost of spring to provide it with the best chance to thrive. Use well-draining soil enriched with organic matter to supply essential nutrients. Space plants 12 to 18 inches apart to allow for airflow, which minimizes disease risk and encourages robust growth. For hanging baskets, place three plants in a 10-inch basket, adding one additional plant for every 2-inch increase in basket size. For containers or troughs, maintain a spacing of about 6 inches between plants to allow them to spread naturally.

Sunlight Requirements

Calibrachoa requires 6 to 8 hours of direct sunlight daily for peak blooming. While it can tolerate partial shade, excessive shade will reduce flower production. In areas with extreme heat, afternoon shade can prevent plant stress and wilting. Adequate sun exposure ensures vibrant colors and steady blooms throughout the season.

Soil Requirements

Calibrachoa prefers light, well-draining soil rich in organic material. The ideal pH range is slightly acidic, from 5.5 to 6.5. Soil that is too alkaline can hinder nutrient uptake, resulting in poor plant health. For heavy clay soils, incorporate compost or soil conditioner to improve drainage. For container growth, a high-quality, lightweight potting mix with good drainage is essential to prevent waterlogged roots and promote healthy growth.

Watering Needs

Consistent moisture is key for healthy Calibrachoa growth, but overwatering must be avoided. Water deeply and allow the top layer of soil to dry slightly before the next watering. Hanging baskets and containers dry out faster than garden beds, so they may require daily watering, especially in hot weather. During extreme heat (90°F or higher), check soil moisture twice daily to avoid dehydration.

Fertilizer Needs

Calibrachoa is a heavy feeder that benefits from a consistent supply of nutrients. Apply a 6-month slow-release fertilizer at the time of planting for long-term feeding. To support steady blooming, supplement with a water-soluble fertilizer every 1 to 2 weeks throughout the growing season. Choose a fertilizer with a balanced or phosphorus-rich formula to encourage continuous flowering. Be cautious with nitrogen-heavy fertilizers, as they promote leaf growth at the expense of blooms.

Pruning & Maintenance

Calibrachoa’s self-cleaning nature means spent blooms drop off naturally, eliminating the need for deadheading. However, to maintain a tidy appearance and promote fresh growth, trim back leggy stems or pinch back one stem per week. This method encourages bushier growth and increased flower production. For plants that begin to look sparse in midsummer, a more significant trim will revitalize the plant’s shape and vigor.

Common Pests

Calibrachoa is generally hardy, but it can attract certain pests, including aphids, spider mites, thrips, and budworms. Each of these pests can affect foliage and flowers, but timely intervention can prevent severe damage. Here’s how to manage them:

Aphids: These sap-sucking insects leave behind sticky honeydew, which attracts ants and fosters sooty mold. Use insecticidal soap for immediate control and neem oil for long-term prevention. Aphid populations can increase rapidly, so reapply treatments within 7 days to disrupt their lifecycle.
Spider Mites: Often present in hot, dry conditions, spider mites cause tiny yellow or white speckles on foliage. Apply neem oil to affected areas, ensuring thorough coverage under the leaves. Repeat treatment weekly if infestations persist.
Thrips: These pests cause leaf discoloration and can be managed with Spinosad, a natural bacterial insecticide. For prevention and control, use insecticidal soap in combination with neem oil.
Budworms: Budworms feed on tender flowers, often causing plants to stop blooming. Use Bacillus thuringiensis (BT), a biological control that targets caterpillar larvae. Ensure flowers are completely covered and within a week, your plant will begin budding and blooming again.

Since many pests hide on the undersides of leaves, ensure complete coverage when spraying treatments. Direct the spray beneath leaves to effectively target hidden pests and prevent reinfestation.

Common Diseases

Calibrachoa is less prone to fungal diseases than Petunias. Maintaining good airflow, avoiding evening watering, and ensuring soil drains properly will deter fungal diseases.

Common Mistakes

When growing Calibrachoa, even seasoned gardeners can run into problems if a few key details are overlooked. The most common mistakes include:

Failing to pinch plants, which leads to leggy, open growth instead of a full, mounded form;
Allowing containers to dry out completely, especially during extreme heat, which can cause yellowing leaves, faded blooms, and long-term plant stress
Neglecting regular fertilization, as Calibrachoa are heavy feeders that quickly exhaust nutrients and need ongoing supplementation to maintain strong flowering.
Overwatering without checking soil moisture can suffocate roots and cause rot, particularly in containers with poor drainage or compacted soil.
Insufficient sunlight is a frequent issue—without at least 4 to 8 hours of direct sun per day, Calibrachoa will produce weak growth and far fewer blooms, never reaching their full potential.

Check out our Article, Common Problems & Fixes for Calibrachoa for more information about troubleshooting problems.

Common Misconceptions

Several misconceptions about Calibrachoa persist among gardeners. Clarifying these misunderstandings can lead to better plant performance and overall success.

Calibrachoa is Just a Smaller Petunia: While Calibrachoa and Petunia are related, they are distinct species. Calibrachoa’s flowers are smaller, self-cleaning, and require less maintenance than traditional Petunias. Unlike Petunias, which often require deadheading, Calibrachoa’s spent blooms naturally fall away, keeping the plant looking fresh.
Calibrachoa Only Thrives in Containers: Although Calibrachoa is often seen in hanging baskets and window boxes, it’s also an effective ground cover. When planted in well-drained garden beds with full sun, it spreads to form a colorful, low-growing carpet of blooms.
Heat Causes Calibrachoa to Stop Blooming: When Calibrachoa stops blooming during the peak of summer, many gardeners assume the heat is to blame. However, the true culprit is often the budworm—a pest that feeds on tender flower buds, interrupting the bloom cycle. To resolve this issue, apply Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) to the affected plants. Blooms typically resume within a week of treatment.

Using Calibrachoa in the Garden

Calibrachoa’s vivid colors and cascading growth habit make it a versatile and dynamic addition to both garden beds and container plantings. With blooms available in nearly every shade, it delivers continuous color throughout the growing season. This adaptable plant is a popular choice for hanging baskets, window boxes, and garden borders, offering a lush, trailing effect that pairs well with other plants.

Hanging Baskets

Calibrachoa’s trailing habit makes it an excellent choice for hanging baskets, containers, and window boxes. The cascading display of colorful blooms adds depth and movement to elevated garden spaces. To ensure healthy growth, use a high-quality, well-draining potting mix that retains moisture while allowing excess water to escape.

Position containers in areas that receive full sun (4-8 hours daily, depending on climate) to promote vigorous blooming. Regular pruning is essential to control leggy growth; pinching back one stem weekly encourages a fuller, denser display and increases flower production. With proper care, Calibrachoa transforms patios, porches, and balconies into vibrant, colorful spaces.

Garden Borders

For edging garden borders and pathways, Calibrachoa offers continuous color and texture throughout the growing season. Its compact growth habit and prolific blooms create tidy, vibrant edges that enhance any garden landscape. Space plants evenly along borders for a cohesive and well-balanced look. To support healthy growth, plant in well-draining soil, and amend with compost to improve fertility and structure.

Full sun exposure (4-8 hours daily) ensures optimal flowering and prevents legginess. Prune as needed to maintain a compact shape and promote additional blooms. Calibrachoa’s neat, colorful presence makes it an ideal choice for defining garden paths and walkways.

Mixed Plantings

Calibrachoa’s versatility allows it to pair beautifully with Annuals, Perennials, and Grasses in mixed garden beds. With its trailing habit and vibrant blooms provide a striking contrast to upright plants, Calibrachoa is an excellent companion plant. Use it as ground cover beneath larger shrubs or as a filler between taller plants to achieve a layered, textural look.

Proper spacing is essential to avoid overcrowding and ensure each plant has adequate access to nutrients and water. By promoting healthy airflow and minimizing competition for resources, gardeners can achieve balanced, thriving plant combinations. With thoughtful placement, Calibrachoa’s bold color and lush growth add visual interest and lasting beauty to any garden.

Experience A Calibrachoa Color Explosion

Looking to grow Calibrachoa in your garden? At Garden Delivery, we ship premium Calibrachoa plants straight to your door — grown for long-lasting color, strong genetics, and nonstop blooms. We’re also committed to providing you with detailed plant information, including performance rankings, so you can make an informed choice. Add this vibrant, show-stopping plant to your garden today and experience the beauty it brings to your outdoor spaces!