Speedwell Growth and Care Guide

Speedwell, also known as Veronica, is a versatile perennial valued for its flower spikes, long bloom season, and dependable garden performance. Blooming in shades of blue, purple, pink, and white, Speedwell adds structure and crisp color to borders, pollinator gardens, and mixed plantings. This Plant Guide covers everything you need to grow Speedwell successfully, including sunlight, soil, watering, and pruning. We also cover the best varieties and uses in the garden.

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By: Reggie Meehan (01/29/2026)

Introduction to Speedwell (Veronica)

Speedwell, scientifically known as Veronica, is a diverse and widely admired genus of flowering plants celebrated for its vibrant, long-lasting blooms and versatility in garden design. Native primarily to Europe and Asia, Speedwell is one of those plants I often point out to customers because it quietly does a lot of things right. I’ve seen it perform just as well in tidy, structured beds as it does in more relaxed, cottage-style gardens. Some varieties stand tall and hold their shape all season, while others spread low and fill in bare spots that would otherwise turn into weed magnets.

Speedwell is particularly known for its spiked flower clusters that bloom in shades of blue, purple, pink, and white.  When it starts blooming, it brings a calm, steady presence rather than a quick burst of color that fades too fast. The flower spikes rise above the foliage in a way that feels intentional, adding height without looking stiff or overdone. I’ve noticed pollinators working these plants consistently through late Spring and into Summer, especially on the blue and purple varieties. Even better, deer tend to pass them by, and the plants keep looking good long after other perennials start to tire.

I first planted Speedwell ‘Royal Candles’ in my perennial garden many years ago, and it quickly earned a permanent place in my landscape. The rich purple-blue flower spikes stood tall against the backdrop of other perennials, while the plant's compact, clumping growth habit kept my garden looking neat and structured. I’ve since used Speedwell in multiple ways—along borders for a formal look, in containers where its blooms cascade beautifully, and even as a ground cover in rock gardens. Regardless of how I use it, Speedwell consistently provides reliable beauty with minimal effort.

Characteristics of Speedwell (Veronica)

Speedwell is a dependable, easy-going plant that fits naturally into just about any garden setting. From upright varieties that add clean vertical lines to borders, to low, spreading types that quietly fill in bare spots, it offers flexibility without feeling fussy. With its long-blooming flower spikes, healthy green foliage, and ability to handle a range of conditions, Speedwell is one of those plants that looks good, supports pollinators, and asks very little in return.

Size and Growth Habit

Speedwell comes in many shapes and sizes. The upright, spiked types—like Veronica spicata—grow anywhere from about a foot to three feet tall and stay fairly narrow, which makes them easy to tuck into mixed borders without overwhelming nearby plants. I like using these where a bed needs a little lift or repetition without adding bulk.

On the opposite end, creeping Speedwell such as Veronica repens, stays low to the ground and spreads outward rather than upward. These varieties form tight mats that work beautifully along pathways, between stepping stones, or in rock gardens where erosion can be an issue. Ground-hugging types like Veronica prostrata are especially helpful on slopes, where they fill in evenly and help suppress weeds while still offering seasonal color.

Leaves and Flowers

The foliage on Speedwell is understated, but that’s part of its charm. Most upright varieties have narrow, clean-lined leaves that give the plant a tidy appearance even when it’s not in bloom. Creeping types lean a little softer, with smaller, rounded leaves that blend nicely into surrounding plants rather than standing out too sharply. Across the board, the foliage stays a healthy green and doesn’t tend to yellow or thin out mid-season, which I always appreciate.

When Speedwell flowers, it brings a very different kind of color to the garden. Instead of big, showy blooms, it produces tall spikes made up of dozens of tiny flowers stacked tightly together. The effect is strong and vertical, almost architectural, especially in blues and purples. Blooming usually starts in late Spring and carries well into Summer, and with a little deadheading, many varieties will keep going longer than you’d expect. These flower spikes also hold up nicely when cut, making Speedwell a quiet but reliable addition to the cutting garden.

Is Speedwell Annual or Perennial?

Most commonly grown types, including Veronica spicata and Veronica longifolia, come back year after year in USDA Zones 4–8 without much fuss. Once established, they don’t need dividing often and tend to return stronger each season. Some of the creeping varieties handle a bit more warmth and can do well into Zone 9, especially if they’re given good drainage and a little protection from intense afternoon heat. In milder climates, certain types may even hold onto their foliage through Winter, which is always a pleasant surprise. 

While a few newer hybrids may be treated as annuals in colder regions, most Speedwell plants are long-term residents in the garden. They spread politely, fill in where you want them, and rarely demand replacement, which makes them a smart choice for gardeners looking to build lasting structure and color into their landscapes.

Best Varieties of Speedwell

Over the years, these are the Speedwell varieties I’ve come to trust the most for consistent performance and good garden manners. Each one brings something a little different to the garden, but all share strong blooming habits, cold hardiness, and steady pollinator activity.

Georgia Blue

One of my go-to plants when a space needs coverage early in the season. Georgia Blue stays low and spreads easily, forming a dense mat that lights up with bright blue flowers in early Spring. I especially like the foliage, which takes on bronze tones as the season goes on and deepens to rich reds in Winter. This variety is excellent on slopes, along walkways, or anywhere erosion might be an issue. For gardeners who want a plant that earns its keep year-round without growing out of bounds, Georgia Blue is hard to beat.

Royal Candles

Royal Candles is a favorite when clean lines and structure matter. Its deep blue flower spikes rise neatly above compact foliage and hold their shape without leaning or flopping. I often recommend it for borders and smaller gardens where space is limited but impact is still important. After its first flush of blooms, a quick trim usually encourages another round of flowers. If you like your garden to look tidy and intentional, Royal Candles fits right in.

Red Fox

A welcome pop of pink in a lineup that’s often dominated by blues and purples. The flower spikes stand tall on sturdy stems, even during heavy rain or wind, which makes it easy to pair with other perennials. I like using Red Fox in mixed borders and cottage-style gardens where a little warmth in the color palette makes everything feel more balanced. It’s also a solid choice for pollinator gardens, where the blooms stay busy throughout the season. This variety is perfect for gardeners who want something a little different without sacrificing reliability.

Moody Blues® Series

The Moody Blues® series offers a softer take on Speedwell, both in color and form. These plants stay compact and have a slightly relaxed habit that works especially well in containers, raised beds, and rock gardens. With options like Sky Blue, Lavender, and White, the series makes it easy to fine-tune color combinations without overpowering neighboring plants. They bloom heavily in Spring and remain well-behaved as the season progresses. For gardeners who love Speedwell but prefer a gentler, more flowing look, this series is an excellent fit.

How to Grow & Care for Speedwell (Veronica)

Speedwell is a hardy and adaptable perennial that thrives in a variety of garden settings. Proper planting and care will ensure healthy growth, consistent blooms, and a reliable garden presence year after year.

Planting Speedwell

The ideal time to plant Speedwell is in Spring after the last frost or in early Fall to allow the roots to establish before extreme weather sets in. Choose a location with full sun to partial shade and well-draining soil to prevent root rot. Full sun exposure encourages stronger flowering, while partial shade can be tolerated, especially in warmer climates. 

Space upright varieties like Veronica spicata and Veronica longifolia 12 to 18 inches apart, ensuring proper airflow and preventing overcrowding. For creeping varieties such as Veronica repens, a closer spacing of 6 to 12 inches apart helps create a dense, mat-like ground cover. To establish the plant effectively, water thoroughly after planting and mulch around the base to retain moisture during the early growth stages.

Sunlight Requirements

Speedwell performs best in full sun, requiring at least 6 to 8 hours of direct sunlight daily for optimal blooming and plant health. Full sun exposure promotes stronger stems, richer foliage color, and more abundant flower spikes. While it can tolerate partial shade, especially in hot climates, reduced sunlight may lead to fewer blooms and leggier growth. If planting in partial shade, ensure the plant receives morning sun, as it’s less intense and will still encourage healthy flowering. 

Soil Requirements

Speedwell thrives in moderately fertile, well-draining soil with an ideal pH range between 6.0 and 7.0. Loose, loamy soil enriched with compost provides the best balance of moisture retention and drainage. However, Speedwell can also tolerate sandy or slightly rocky soils, making it an excellent choice for rock gardens and slopes. If planting in heavy clay soil, amend it with sand, compost, or organic matter to improve drainage and prevent water retention around the roots, which can lead to rot.

Watering Needs

During the establishment phase, Speedwell requires consistent moisture to help its roots develop properly. Water deeply, ensuring the soil stays evenly moist but never soggy. Once established, most Speedwell varieties become drought-tolerant, needing only occasional watering during prolonged dry spells. For container-grown Speedwell, check moisture levels more frequently, as pots tend to dry out faster than garden soil. Avoid overhead watering, as it can promote fungal issues like powdery mildew—direct watering at the base is recommended for healthier foliage and flowers.

Fertilizer Needs

To encourage vigorous blooming and healthy foliage, apply a balanced, all-purpose fertilizer (10-10-10) in early Spring as new growth emerges. A second, lighter feeding in mid-season can help extend the blooming period, particularly for long-flowering cultivars like Veronica spicata 'Royal Candles'. Avoid excessive fertilization, especially nitrogen-rich formulas, as they can lead to lush foliage at the expense of flower production. For organic alternatives, compost tea or a layer of aged manure around the plant base can provide slow-release nutrients throughout the growing season.

Pruning & Deadheading

Pruning plays a key role in keeping Speedwell looking its best throughout the growing season. Regularly deadhead spent blooms by snipping off the faded flower spikes just above a healthy set of leaves. This practice not only keeps the plant looking tidy but also encourages repeat blooming, often extending the flowering season into early Fall. At the end of the season, cut back the plant by about two-thirds to prevent legginess and prepare the plant for dormancy. In early Spring, perform a light cleanup by removing any dead foliage and thinning overcrowded stems to promote better air circulation.

Overwintering

In colder climates, additional protection can help the plant overwinter successfully. After the first frost, apply a 2-3 inch layer of mulch around the base of the plant to insulate the roots. Mulch options like straw, shredded leaves, or pine bark work well for retaining warmth while allowing airflow. In milder zones, Speedwell often retains its foliage year-round, though it may enter a semi-dormant state with reduced flowering. For container-grown plants, consider moving pots to a sheltered location to prevent freezing damage to the roots.

Common Pests

Speedwell is generally pest-resistant, but it can occasionally attract a few common garden pests under certain conditions. Aphids may cluster on tender new growth and flower spikes, where they feed on sap and can be controlled with insecticidal soap or neem oil. Spider mites may appear during hot, dry weather, causing fine stippling on the foliage; increasing airflow and using a miticide if needed usually resolves the issue. Slugs and snails are more common on low-growing or creeping varieties and can be managed with copper tape, diatomaceous earth, or organic slug repellents. Proper plant spacing, good airflow, and avoiding excess fertilizer help prevent most pest problems before they start.

Common Diseases

Speedwell is relatively disease-resistant, though poor growing conditions can lead to occasional issues. Powdery mildew may develop as a white, dusty coating on leaves when airflow is limited or foliage remains wet, making proper spacing and avoiding overhead watering essential. Root rot is most often caused by poor drainage or overwatering and can be prevented by amending heavy soils and allowing the soil to dry slightly between waterings. Leaf spot may appear as brown lesions on foliage, typically linked to excess moisture or late-day watering. Preventative care—including watering at the base of the plant, removing affected foliage, and maintaining good garden hygiene—greatly reduces disease risk.

Common Mistakes

  • Overwatering: While Speedwell appreciates consistent moisture, excessive watering can lead to root rot. Let the top inch of soil dry between waterings.

  • Planting in Poor Soil Drainage: Heavy clay or compacted soil can suffocate the roots and increase disease susceptibility. Amending the soil before planting prevents this issue.

  • Insufficient Sunlight: Speedwell thrives in full sun, and too much shade can reduce flowering and lead to leggy growth.

Common Misconceptions

A common misconception is that Speedwell is invasive, but while some creeping types such as Veronica repens can spread quickly, most upright varieties remain well-behaved and easy to control with occasional pruning. Another myth is that speedwell requires constant watering, when in reality established plants are quite drought-tolerant and only need supplemental water during extended dry periods. Some gardeners also assume all speedwell varieties look alike, but the genus offers remarkable diversity, ranging from tall, spiked bloomers like Veronica spicata to low, mat-forming groundcovers, each suited to different garden styles and uses.

Using Speedwell in the Garden

Speedwell adapts easily to the way a garden is actually used with varieties that grow upright, spread gently, or hug the ground. Speedwell fits into everything from tidy borders to more relaxed, natural plantings. I’ve found it works best when it’s allowed to do what it naturally wants to do, rather than being forced into the wrong role.

Borders and Edging

Upright Speedwell varieties, such as Veronica spicata ‘Royal Candles,’ are excellent for borders where clean lines and vertical interest matter. Their narrow flower spikes rise above the foliage without flopping, which helps maintain a neat, intentional look along paths and garden beds. The clumping habit keeps plants from wandering, so borders stay defined instead of messy.

Planted in groups, these varieties create strong color blocks that hold well through late Spring and early Summer, and often longer with deadheading. I’ve noticed they work equally well in formal layouts and softer cottage-style gardens, especially when mixed with rounder or looser perennials to balance the vertical shape.

Ground Cover

Creeping Speedwell varieties like Veronica repens ‘Georgia Blue’ are well suited for areas where coverage matters more than height. These plants stay low and spread steadily, forming dense mats that help reduce weeds and protect soil. They’re particularly effective between stepping stones, along slopes, or at the edges of beds where taller plants would feel out of place.

Early Spring blooms add a noticeable burst of blue before many other plants get going, and the foliage continues to provide interest well beyond flowering. This is one of those groundcovers that looks decorative without becoming aggressive, which makes it easy to manage in smaller spaces or mixed plantings.

Pollinator Gardens

Speedwell fits naturally into pollinator gardens because its flowers are both accessible and long-lasting. The tightly packed flower spikes provide a steady nectar source that attracts bees and butterflies throughout the blooming period. Upright varieties, including Veronica longifolia and ‘Royal Candles,’ are especially effective, as their blooms are easy for pollinators to spot and land on.

When combined with other nectar-rich plants like coneflowers, black-eyed Susans, or lavender, Speedwell helps create a garden that stays active with pollinators from late Spring into Summer. I’ve noticed that once pollinators find it, they tend to return regularly, making it a reliable contributor to wildlife-friendly plantings.

Speedwell Provides Crisp Color 

Speedwell (Veronica) is a versatile and stunning perennial that brings beauty and functionality to any garden. Whether you’re planting it as a ground cover, border accent, or in pollinator gardens, Speedwell is sure to impress with its vibrant blooms and easy-care nature. Ready to transform your garden with Speedwell? Shop our Best Speedwell Varieties and enjoy their charm season after season!